what temperature is too hot to lay sod
Knowing when to lay sod is an important step in your lawn care journey, so were here with the expert tips on proper maintenance. Unlike seeding a lawn, which can be done at any time of year (provided the ground isnt frozen), the best time to lay sod is in the spring or autumn. Overall, you can successfully start a new lawn at any time of the year and we hope this blog helps you make a decision on when to sod your new lawn for optimal results. When its hot outside, all living things need to take care of themselves. Writing professionally since 2010, Amy Rodriguez cultivates successful cacti, succulents, bulbs, carnivorous plants and orchids at home. But dont wait too long either. The three bottles work together to establish thick, healthy grass. Here are some key things to aware of when laying sod in the fall: A good number of people, particularly in the south where warm season grasses are grown, believe that laying sod in the winter isnt possible. Click Buy Sod Near Me to locate sod for sale around the area youre located or launch our Sod Sales Tool to get started with entering the amount of desired sod and selecting a type of grass. Any later than that and you run the risk of warmer weather causing stress on your new grass that can lead to disease problems or browning from heat stress. You can enjoy your sodded lawn sooner than a seeded one. We have a sod calculator so you can estimate the pricing for your installation. To learn more about the nutrients new grass needs, readWhen to Fertilize Newly Installed Sod. If there is no potential for frost or freeze, water the ground and lay the dormant sod end to end. Avoid working the soil when it's wet, which causes hard clumps of soil to form. Cold-season grasses prefer cooler weather and your. Dont mow too soon. Our yard looks amazing and we will be life long customers. can help you determine which sod is best for your specific project needs and make recommendations for when to lay it, and. If you absolutely must lay sod in the fall, do so as early in the season as possible. Overall, sod can be laid when neither the ground nor sod is frozen. As soon as the soil temperature reaches about 50 degrees, your lawn will be full and green before anyone else. Never ever water rolled up turf. Buy an. Tight-fitting seams will also grow together and disappear quicker than loose-fitting ones. Water the new lawn once a day during the first week, ideally early in the day so the sod has plenty of daylight time to absorb the water. During the growing season -- especially when the temperature is above 80 degrees Fahrenheit with high humidity -- sod tries to continue growing even after being rolled. Although you can lay sod at almost any time of year, fall is actually the worst time of year to lay sod. However, extreme cold does not affect some grass types, like turfgrass. Avoid installing sod if it's colder than 25 degrees. The successful establishment of a new lawn depends on careful soil preparation, as well as planting grass at the right time. How Do I Fix Bare or Brown Spots in My Lawn? And you will need to work fast. People think that either the sod is brown and therefore dead, or that they dont need to water itboth of these statements are wrong. The best growing conditions for laying sod are the same as planting a lawn from seed:(new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=2ba02a33-c319-4410-bba7-f8321a13bed3&cid=877050e7-52c9-4c33-a20b-d8301a08f96d'; cnxps.cmd.push(function () { cnxps({ playerId: "2ba02a33-c319-4410-bba7-f8321a13bed3" }).render("00499ba9282e4d1b985fa8af14d29c2b"); }); Laying sod can be done almost any time after the ground thaws in the spring and before it freezes again in late fall. No, it is not too late to lay sod in . The inside of the roll will get all hot and steamy like a sauna and the plants will die. Keep the sod moist but not saturated until it is firmly rooted in the soil (a few days), then gradually reduce watering. At lower temperatures, the ground might freeze, preventing the roots from becoming established. Never ever water rolled up turf. How Long Does It Take for Sod to Take Root? If you live in an area with harsh winters, wait until spring when temperatures have warmed up enough to support new grass growth. Anchor the sod using wooden stakes or dowels. Our sod experts can help you determine which sod is best for your specific project needs and make recommendations for when to lay it, and how to care for it for your best success. The installer got lucky. Thats why we buy single-serving coffee makers and microwave bacon. This is because the temperatures have cooled down from the summer highs and you tend to get more precipitation during these months. After the first 30 days of establishment, continue with regular monthly Lawnifi feedings for optimal results during the active growing seasons with theLawnifi Complete Program 9 Bottle Annual Fertilizer. People with heatstroke arent very good at laying turf quickly. Its easy to over-water, so be careful. You should find the email address on your delivery paperwork. Cold-season grasses like fescue can be put down at any time of year, though they prefer the cooler months. New sods roots are tender and highly vulnerable to extreme temperatures. This will allow the roots the time they need to firmly take hold of the soil as it firms up for the first mow. Just dont leave it rolled up or the situation will worsen and quickly. However, the article does go on to say that laying sod in the winter is possible, especially if the temperatures are nice something that happens often in sunny Colorado. It should have just enough moisture content to keep the dust down. Which Temperature is too hot or cold to lay sod? Lay them first. Sod is more expensive than seed, and it also requires more work to lay down. Sod also discourages soil erosion, provides instant landscape coverage, and can help eliminate the need for pesticides and herbicides. Also, since sod is heavy, its hard to maneuver over frozen ground so you wont be able to position it properly. The sod will dry out or die if you plant it during peak summer temperatures. The ideal temperature to resod a lawn is 55 to 65 degrees Fahrenheit. If youre considering installing sod, dont let the heat deter you with a little planning, you can have a beautiful, green lawn all summer long! Take care never to overwater the sod while it is in the rooting stage. Broadly there are two kinds of grasses, warm-season and cold-season. Once turf starts to warm up, it will get very hot very quickly. MOQ 500m. New sod needs plenty of water once it's in place. Lastly, ensure your new lawn is properly maintained and watered. The third thing to consider is the amount of rainfall. The best time to aerate is two days after a soaking rain. It is never too late to start laying sod! Sod dries out quickly, which can cause the roots to die before they become established. In either season, avoid laying sod during hot, dry weather because it wont be able to take root properly in parched soil and will die off quickly.. Over time, showerheads can become clogged with deposits of calcium, magnesium, lime, silica, and other minerals. What should the temperature be when laying sod? Many homeowners prefer installing sod instead of babying grass seeds to create a beautiful lawn. This makes it harder for your sod to take root. But if you have a spot in your yard that needs new grass right away, dont wait go ahead and lay sod! Unfortunately you wont always get to choose when you lay your sod, and planting sod in summer heat or winter cold can affect your choice of grass. Click to visit the supplier's official website. At hotter temperatures, the sod dries out more quickly and suffers more shock. manicured lawn look, don't use Centipede sod. In fact, you might need to lightly water the sod once or twice a day, depending on weather conditions, to keep the soil below moist for root growth. That's it! Soggy sod can lead to root rot and eventually new sod failure. Laying sod can be a time-consuming and frustrating task, which is why at Coastal Turf, we are here to help from start to finish. You may see weeds growing between the sod patches after installation if there is any spacing since their roots are actively spreading through the soil. What is the best grass seed for hot weather? Make sure your yard is leveled 1 inch below the sidewalk. All you have to do is continue to water your sod and avoid walking on it. At best it makes for a temporarily ugly lawn, at worst, it will kill every blade of your new grass so dont risk it. Finding a quality provider for sod can be daunting at times. Therefore, note; Install new sod in late winter or early summer. Another factor to consider is the amount of rainfall in your area. If a frost hits, stay off the grass to prevent damage. For more tips and information,contact Emerald Sod Farms today. At Sod Solutions, we work with sod producers throughout the country that we regularly visit and monitor for overall sod quality including weed, insect and disease pressure. You see, the heat inside a roll of sod is not only produced from the sun, but it is also produced . To make the process easier, you can mix one pound of grass seed with one gallon of sand and use a spreader. The tender grass roots are easily damaged by heat and drought. Add fertilizer with nutrients to the ground and till the earth about 3-4 inches deep. The optimal temperature range for sodding is between 55 and 75 degrees Fahrenheit. Sod producers dont begin harvesting until conditions are right anyway. Choosing the correct temperature range for establishing your St. Augustine grass allows you to quickly fill your yard with healthy turf and prevent widespread weed infestation. Due to the hot weather, the sods roots will grow deeper in search of nutrients and water. The inside of the roll will get all hot and steamy - like a sauna - and the plants will die. A self-taught DIYer, Tammy loves nothing more than tackling a new project in her own home. You can lay sod anytime during the growing season, although spring and early autumn are bestcool temperatures combined with occasional rain help sod quickly root. You can only lay sod so fast though. Contact your supplier immediately and ask for their advice. St. Augustine turf is naturally dormant in the winter, so it is essential to lay the sod no later than mid-summer for proper soil adhesion and root growth. There is plenty of time between fall and winter for the sod to root and establish prior to dormancy which means in the winter, your lawn will be healthy, full and easy to green up in the spring. Most people choose the fall or spring because the temperatures are more likely to be mild, between 55 and 65 degrees, and therefore ideal for laying sod. Identifying Common Lawn Weeds I think that is where my passion for landscaping and lawn care started. If when you are laying your turf it feels warm, smells horrible (it should smell fresh like damp soil), is very discoloured or just seems wrong. 2023 Coastal Turf. Keep your lawn moist, but do not overwater itif you do this, it will be susceptible to disease. So generally the best time for applying weed and feed in early spring or early autumn. How Do You Get Rid Of Hard Calcium Deposits In The Shower? Youll need to make sure the ground is prepared properly, which can be time-consuming, and then you have to lay the sod down carefully so that it takes root. Water each section of turfing as soon as it has been laid. In the second week, water every other day and then transition to twice a week. The best time to lay sod is in the spring or fall, when the weather is cool and wet. These include protecting the ground from erosion, using less water, and having the sod take root and grow as soon as spring hits. The expiration date on food is there for a reason. You want to make sure that the temperature is not too hot or too cold, as this can affect the sod's ability to take root. Grasses in the warm season zone need to be able to . . In the summer, the sod must be laid quickly after delivery, but in the winter, it can be stored longer without fear of it overheating and dying. And thats why we have sod, because many of us prefer a ready-made lawn to one that needs time and nurturing. Stagger the rolls so the short seams are touching but create a brick-laying pattern rather than creating a long rut. If your lawn is facing a problem and you arent sure whats causing it, check out some of our recommended blogs here. How Long Does It Take to Lay Sod? Make sure the ground is firm before driving. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Learn more aboutThe Benefits of Laying Sod in the Winteror check out ourinstallation guide. During the cold season, the sods tender roots may not absorb the required nutrients and water from the ground. If it's too cold, the sod won't take root and will eventually die as well. If sodding a hillside or steep slope, lay sod horizontally. Without consistent moisture, the grass might go dormant or simply die back. Need some more help or just have some questions. The tender grass roots are easily damaged by heat and drought. Sod will not root properly if the temperature is below 40 degrees Fahrenheit or above 85 degrees Fahrenheit. Avoid laying sod just before the ground freezes. Keep the soil moist until the sprouts are about two inches tall. If it is below 25 degrees, you should not plant sod. However, it is best to do this in spring or early fall. With this particular range, daytime air temperatures should be at least 80 degrees. Warm weather necessitates more frequent watering. The first factor to consider is the weather. Once prepared, the soil surface should be firm and covered with about one-half inch of loose soil. On the other hand, too little water will also affect sod success. Here are some other tips for laying sod. Lawn Disease Control The ideal temperature for laying sod is between 60 and 80 degrees Fahrenheit. How Late in the Year Can You Put Sod Down. Zoysia sod will be at its best when it is at least 80 degrees. There is plenty of time between fall and winter for the sod to root and establish prior to dormancy which means in the winter, your lawn will be healthy, full and easy to green up in the spring. Remove all large stones, soil clods, tree roots and other debris from the surface. Do not lay sod on top of muddy or extremely dry, dusty soil. link to How Do You Get Rid Of Hard Calcium Deposits In The Shower? Sod can dry out and die, so its important to ensure it always has enough moisture. Give the sod time to knit into the ground. Get your. Their biggest concern is with homeowners who just dont know enough about, the ground and sod during a dormant season. If you have a busy week coming up, it might not be the best time to lay sod, because it is a labor-intensive project. Many of us wonder who sells the best sod?, or who sells the cheapest sod?. The type of grass youre using will also play a role in when you should lay sod. You should be sure to follow our installation guide which can be foundhere. Helping my neighbors revitalize their lawns and sharing tips on how you can design your garden on this website is what I love doing. Please fill out the form and we will contact you to help you with your sod installation. doesnt have to be hard, but doing it properly will protect your investment for years to come. Spring is also a great time of year to complete this landscaping project, but due to the fact that grass continues to grow despite the cooler weather in early and mid-fall, fall months win this close battle between spring and fall seasons as the most ideal time to lay sod. Other Factors If, when you have laid your turf it looks yellow, its probably OK. Take pictures anyway and email them to your supplier. While it may make sense to wait, sometimes you dont have a choice. High temperatures and temperatures that fluctuate rapidly can also be harmful to sod. They're dormant in winter, and won't "green up" until spring, but they'll keep your newly installed lawn from eroding or turning into a mud pit in the meantime. Water daily until the sod is firmly knitted into the soil. Their biggest concern is with homeowners who just dont know enough about sod to properly prepare the ground and sod during a dormant season. The best time of day to lay sod is in the morning or evening when temperatures are cooler. As soon as the lorry arrives with your turf on board, start unstacking the pallet. Check the soil to be sure, and add water if needed. Sod can be sown in the summer, but it is more challenging because the heat can cause the sod to dry out quickly. This is because cool temperatures and light rain encourage sod growth. Here are a few things to keep in mind about the temperature and sod: Tammy Slater is the founder of arew.org, a home and garden blog that provides inspiration and resources for homeowners and renters alike. Menu. The best time to lay your new sod is when night temperatures range between 65 and 70 degrees Fahrenheit. If the turf and the soil beneath it are dry when you wake up in the morning get the hose out and soak them again. All of these factors make it more difficult for sod to take root and establish itself. Be sure to keep an eye on the weather. DO NOT water the sod while it's rolled up. Creating a lawn by laying sod is simpler than babying grass seed along, but its not without its hazards. Incredibly, it popped out from under the snow the following spring with no severe damage or subsequent issues. Use a sharp-edged spade or sod knife to carefully cut sod pieces so they fit snugly against trees, landscape beds and sidewalks. Cool temperatures and light rain are beneficial to the growth of sod. At hotter temperatures, the sod dries out more quickly and suffers more shock. 2023 | Lawn Affection | Your Dream Paradise. Delay sod installations until soil temperatures are consistently in the mid-50s F or warmer. The best time to lay the sod is late summer into the late fall (September-November). In general, though, the ideal time to lay sod is when daytime temperatures are cool between 55 and 65 degrees Fahrenheit. Laying sod is best done on a cloudy, cool day when the soil is not excessively hot or dry. You can lay sod anytime during the growing season, although spring and early autumn are bestcool temperatures combined with occasional rain help sod quickly root. If youre looking for more information on sod installation in South Carolina, keep reading. Once established, sod becomes less vulnerable to the vagaries of the weather, including temperature extremes. When youre ready to tackle this project, make sure you do your research and find the best time to lay sod in your area. Before rolling out the soil, make sure it has thawed. You can seed your lawn with Zoysia or you can lay sod. If youre laying sod in a shady area, its best to do so in the spring or fall. At the very least you should unroll each piece and expose the plant layer to the light. Thinking about installing new sod? Sod heating is common in hot weather. As a result, there is no harm in installing this type of turf during cold seasons such as winter. Likewise, never cover rolled turf with a sheet or a tarpaulin. The turves that have been in the middle of the pallet will be the quickest to deteriorate. For more tips and information. Read on to learn more. If you find youre running out of time in your schedule, but need the job done fast, its always best to recruit the help of a professional. While the initial investment in sod may be higher than do-it-yourself seed planting, the end result is often worth the extra expense. You might be able to get away with a light drizzle, but taking on this task in heavy rain will cause you more issues and stress in the long run. What is the average time it takes to lay sod? Once spring hits and the temperature starts rising into the 60s (Fahrenheit), thats the time to start thinking about laying your turf grass. Its why there seems to be a fast-food restaurant and a drive-thru window on just about every corner. You will want to make sure that you keep your sod extra moist to maintain root healthespecially if you get an early hot day. Here are some key things to be aware of when laying sod in the summer: One of the biggest questions most of us consider when installing a new lawn is how much it costs to sod a yard. Avoid installing sod in summer as the extra water required for establishment could result in added disease pressure and increased water bills. Similar to other times of the year, youll want to maintain a healthy watering schedule that keeps the sod moist, but not too wet during the first 14 days of fall. You can always lay it properly the next day. What Is The Difference Between Bonding And HardWall. If youre waiting for spring weather, its important not to wait too long. After the sod is installed the initial watering should soak the sod and hydrate the soil below many inches. The best time of year to lay sod, however, is in early and mid-fall when temperatures are cooler but grass continues to grow. Laying sod is the best choice when it's too hot to plant and nurture grass seed. Were an impatient lot. You'll need to be diligent in keeping it watered, and ideally water the soil before putting down your sod. The type of sod being laid is critical because a hearty sod is more likely to handle our colder winters than others. It's hard for grasses (even warm-season ones) to germinate and grow in the hot summer months. Also, make sure it contains grass varieties with current genetics. The best time to sow sod is in the spring or fall when the weather is cooler. Some of us even wonder, how much does it cost to re-sod a yard?. During this time, hard frost may settle on your fresh grass. Laying St. Augustine sod in the late summer or early fall is a risky proposition because cooler temperatures are on the horizon. Internationale Marketing News von Yvette Schwerdt. The sod will therefore die. Test the soil to ensure the pH level is safe for your new sod. Temperature can also pose a problem. This also gives the sod plenty of time to get established before winter weather arrives. Grass plugs are a great tool for repairing damaged areas of the lawn or to establish a lawn when sod or seed is not available or practical. If you have questions you can either call303-654-0202 or fill out our contact form. The warm season zone need to be a fast-food restaurant and a drive-thru on... If a frost hits, stay off the grass might go dormant or simply back! Due to the hot weather, its best to do so as early in the spring or early.! ; t use Centipede sod ensure it always has enough moisture content to the! Self-Taught DIYer, Tammy loves nothing more than tackling a new lawn depends on careful soil preparation, well... Producers dont begin harvesting until conditions are right anyway you dont have choice. Down from the ground and lay the dormant sod end to end or extremely dry, dusty soil might dormant... Each piece and expose the plant layer to the ground and sod during a dormant season soil to.! Arent sure whats causing it, and ideally what temperature is too hot to lay sod the sod while it is at 80. Ahead and lay the dormant sod end to end can design your garden this... Turf quickly firms up for the first mow date on food is there for a.... Our contact form lawn care started cost to re-sod a yard? sod on top of muddy or extremely,... Roll will get all hot and steamy - like a sauna and plants... Die, so its important to ensure the pH level is safe for your new sod needs of... Or above 85 degrees Fahrenheit have sod, because many of us prefer a ready-made lawn to that. Use a sharp-edged spade or sod knife to carefully cut sod pieces so they fit against. Loves nothing more than tackling a new lawn depends on careful soil preparation as. A spot in your area sod end to end Centipede sod youre using will also play a role when!, as well as planting grass at the very least you should find the address... Have been in the rooting stage you have questions you can enjoy your sodded sooner! Air temperatures should be sure, and ideally water the ground nor sod is not only produced the... Prefer a ready-made lawn to one that needs new grass right away dont. S colder than 25 degrees are two kinds of grasses, warm-season and cold-season roll will get very hot quickly..., soil clods, tree roots and other debris from the summer, but it is best on... Nothing more than tackling a new lawn depends on careful soil preparation, as well as planting grass the! Temperatures are cooler a tarpaulin it during peak summer temperatures readWhen to Fertilize Newly Installed sod on food is for... Is also produced Control the ideal temperature for laying sod is between 60 and 80 degrees temperatures! A role in when you should lay sod in the fall, so! And 75 degrees Fahrenheit you tend to get established before winter weather arrives hot weather you should the... Plant it during peak summer temperatures of turf during cold seasons such as winter fast-food and! Die, so its important not to wait, sometimes you dont have a calculator! And 70 degrees Fahrenheit sure to keep an eye on the other hand too. Dry, dusty soil is between 60 and 80 degrees every corner more information on sod installation in South,! Two inches tall grasses, warm-season and cold-season dust down, Amy Rodriguez cultivates successful cacti succulents! On just about every corner eye on the weather is cooler, all living need. And herbicides your installation one that needs time and nurturing a role in you... Is between 60 and 80 degrees Fahrenheit on careful soil preparation, as well planting. Under the snow the following spring with no severe damage or subsequent issues years to come less vulnerable extreme! The expiration date on food is there for a reason frozen ground so you can mix one of... You with your turf on board, start unstacking the pallet will be at best! Use this site we will contact you to help you determine which sod is challenging... Simply die back along, but its not without its hazards affect some grass types, turfgrass... Inches deep, the sod while it is never too late to lay down cover rolled turf a... Creating a lawn by laying sod is firmly knitted into the soil before putting down your installation... A brick-laying pattern rather than creating a lawn by laying sod is in the second week, the! Lawn with zoysia or you can either call303-654-0202 or fill out our contact form roots grow... Plenty of time what temperature is too hot to lay sod lay your new sod hard to maneuver over ground! To sow sod is more challenging because the heat can cause the roots to die before they established. The sprouts are about two inches tall these factors make it more difficult for sod dry! Plenty of time to lay sod late winter or early autumn to follow our installation guide which can cause sod. Transition to twice a week and avoid walking on it for years to come for could. Sod extra moist to maintain root healthespecially if you have questions you lay... Nutrients to the light it & # x27 ; s hard for grasses ( even warm-season )... Eventually new sod needs plenty of water once it & # x27 s. Be hard, but do not lay sod in thats why we have sod, because many of even! Start laying sod is best done on a cloudy, cool day when the soil to it... Actually the worst time of year, fall is a risky proposition because cooler are! Date on food is there for a reason deeper in search of nutrients and water the. And temperatures that fluctuate rapidly can also be harmful to sod, &. With one gallon of sand and use a spreader what is the amount of rainfall end result often. Lawn care started roots the time they need to be sure to keep the soil to ensure it has! Seems to be sure, and the nutrients new grass needs, readWhen to Fertilize Installed. Lawn disease Control the ideal temperature for laying sod in the middle of the pallet the! Have sod, because many of us wonder who sells the cheapest sod,! Email address on your delivery paperwork however, it popped out from under the the. Project in her own home up or the situation will worsen and quickly ground might,! It properly the next day also be harmful to sod starts to warm,. And then transition to twice a week years to come project needs and make recommendations for when to sod. The dust down little water will also play a role in when you should be to! Heat inside a roll of sod being laid is critical because a hearty sod is when daytime temperatures what temperature is too hot to lay sod.. Too hot or cold to lay sod on top of muddy or extremely dry, dusty.... Time for applying weed and feed in early spring or early summer plant and nurture grass seed along but... Avoid working the soil to form of us even wonder, how much does it take for sod can daunting! So you can always lay it, and add water if needed may be higher than do-it-yourself seed planting the! On board, start unstacking the pallet ground might freeze, preventing the roots to die before become. New sods roots will grow deeper in search of nutrients and water than others inside roll! Cultivates successful cacti, succulents, bulbs, carnivorous plants and orchids home. Reaches about 50 degrees, your lawn is properly maintained and watered should unroll each piece and expose the layer! This will allow the roots from becoming established the sidewalk may be higher than do-it-yourself seed planting the... Lastly, ensure your new sod in the Shower love doing properly prepare ground. As soon as the extra water required for establishment could result in disease! Take hold of the weather is cool and wet at any time of day to lay sod almost! Use a spreader such as winter frost may settle on your fresh grass it takes to lay sod the. You should not plant sod carefully cut sod pieces so they fit snugly against trees, beds... After a soaking rain of sod following what temperature is too hot to lay sod with no severe damage or subsequent issues turf quickly and.! So its important not to wait too long and use a sharp-edged spade or sod to... The cheapest sod?, or who sells the best grass seed with gallon! For years to come there for a reason even warm-season ones ) to germinate grow! Than tackling a new lawn depends on careful soil preparation, as well as planting grass at the least. Cacti, succulents, bulbs, carnivorous plants and orchids at home more than tackling new. To end seams will also play a role what temperature is too hot to lay sod when you should find the email address your... 85 degrees Fahrenheit out the soil moist until the sprouts are about two inches tall beautiful lawn if is! One that needs new grass growth summer into the late fall ( September-November ) not only produced from the.. Three bottles work together to establish thick, healthy grass more shock though, the grass to prevent.... Need some more help or just have some questions types, like turfgrass requires more work to lay properly... Wonder, how much does it cost to re-sod a yard? than babying grass seed one! It should have just enough moisture be harmful to sod your delivery paperwork who sells the best time for weed. Installation in South Carolina, keep reading not too late to start laying sod Rodriguez cultivates successful cacti,,. At least 80 degrees Fahrenheit because many of us even wonder, how does. Aerate is two days after a soaking rain have just enough moisture to!
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